I sat in on a student roundtable last week and heard a number of students speak either directly or indirectly about the type of “work” they do at school. Many felt like the work lacked relevance or was just plain boring. I sense that, as educators, while we inherently like the idea of PBL but there is some conflict with the idea of presenting information that is new to students. PBL would be easier if it was implemented after all the objectives had been taught. Unfortunately, what you have in that case is just a project.
In my mind, one of the amazing aspects of PBL is the engagement level. There will always be the need to present new knowledge and skills to students – to explain, to model, to practice (the stuff that kids generally view as boring). It is the context under which the new material is introduced that makes PBL different. Students will see the presentation of new information as integral to solving the overarching problem and thus they will be more apt to be engaged. The new concept takes on a relevance that fosters authentic student engagement.
Years ago in graduate school, I read a book by Phillip Schlecty, called Working on the Work. A couple of years later I had the opportunity to attend a week long seminar and spend some time with Dr. Schlecty discussing how we can change the way we educate kids through changing the way they “work” in school. Although he does not explicitly say it, I believe his theories are a key component of PBL. Dr. Schlecty talked about the need for “teachers to become aware of ways of linking classroom activity to products students value and care about, ways of breaking the linkage between failure and punishment, and ways of enriching content without introducing boredom.” He identifies ten qualities of student work that, when one or more are present, result in student work that is authentically engaging. I’ll post the ten qualities as a comment on this post in case anyone is interested.